List of ethnic and racial groups in Brazil

1. Official Racial Groups in Brazil

Brazil officially recognizes five self-identified racial categories:

Pardo (Mixed-race) – 45.3%
- People of mixed ancestry
- Includes:
  - Mulatos (European + African)
  - Caboclos (European + Indigenous)
  - Cafuzos (African + Indigenous)
White (Branco) – 43.5%
- Primarily of European descent
Black (Preto) – 10.2%
- Primarily of Sub-Saharan African descent
Indigenous (Indígena) – 0.6%
- Native peoples of Brazil (over 300 tribes)
East Asian (Amarela) – 0.4%
- Mainly Japanese, Chinese, and Korean descendants

2. Major Ethnic Ancestry Groups in Brazil

Brazil is ethnically diverse due to centuries of migration and mixing.

European Ancestry

Portuguese (largest group)
Italian
Spanish
German
Polish
Ukrainian
Russian
English
Jewish (Ashkenazi & Sephardic)
Armenian

African Ancestry

West African (Yoruba, Fon, Akan)
Central African (Bantu peoples)
Afro-Brazilians (descendants of enslaved Africans)

Indigenous Peoples

Brazil has 305+ Indigenous ethnic groups, including:

Tupi
Guarani
Yanomami
Kayapó
Tikuna
Xavante
Terena

Brazil also has the largest number of uncontacted tribes in the world (60+ estimated).

Middle Eastern & Arab Ancestry

Lebanese (7–10 million)
Syrian
Palestinian
Other Arab groups
➡️ Brazil has the largest Arab-descendant population outside the Arab world

Asian Ancestry

Japanese (largest Japanese diaspora worldwide)
Chinese
Korean

3. Genetic Ancestry (Average Estimates)

Despite racial self-identification, genetic studies show:

European ancestry: ~60–65%
African ancestry: ~20–25%
Indigenous ancestry: ~15–20%

➡️ Most Brazilians have mixed genetic ancestry, regardless of racial category.

4. Regional Ethnic Patterns

North & Center-West: Strong Indigenous ancestry
Northeast: Higher African and Afro-mixed populations
Southeast & South: Higher European ancestry
Urban centers: High ethnic diversity and mixing

Summary Table

Category	Examples
Census Races	Pardo, White, Black, Indigenous, East Asian
European Groups	Portuguese, Italian, German, Spanish
African Groups	Yoruba, Bantu descendants
Indigenous Groups	Yanomami, Guarani, Kayapó
Arab Groups	Lebanese, Syrian
Asian Groups	Japanese, Chinese, Korean

List of Brazil’s Racial Groups A look at racial groups in Brazil based on the 2022 Census (IBGE), with percentages and population numbers Total population…
List of Brazil Ethnic Groups: The Most Populous Indigenous Peoples, Locations, and Living Conditions Ethnic groups of Brazil with more than 10,000 Indigenous people, including population size, geographic location, and household situation. Brazil is…
List of ethnic groups and languages in Niger State by Local Government Area The largest ethnic group in Niger State is Nupe. It is followed by Gbagyi. The Nupe language is also the…
List of Ethnic Groups in Bhutan with their Populations and Religions Major Ethnic Groups in Bhutan Ngalop – Western and northern Bhutan; Dzongkha-speaking, Tibetan Buddhist Sharchop – Eastern Bhutan; Tshangla-speaking, largely…
List of Ethnic Groups in Bulgaria and their Population Sizes The main ethnic groups in Bulgaria are Bulgarians Turks Roma Smaller Ethnic Groups Russians Armenians Vlachs (Aromanians) Sarakatsani Ukrainians Macedonians…
List of ethnic groups in Kaduna Kaduna State comprises over 63 ethnic groups namely: Abinu (also known as Binawa) Ada (also known as Kuturmi) Adara (also known…
List of ethnic groups in Equatorial Guinea The ethnic groups in Equatorial Guinea are: 85.7% Fang6.5% Bubi3.6% Ndowe1.6% Annobon1.1% Bujeba1.1% other Languages in Equatorial Guinea Spanish and…
List of ethnic groups in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew—Awi Agew Hamyra Alaba Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo…
List of ethnic groups in ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia are: SurmaSheTigrieTimebaroTsemayUpoWelaitaWerjiYemZeyeseZelmam Ethiopia ethnicity Ethiopia is a multi-ethnic country with over 80 different…
List of ethnic groups in AKAKI KALITI, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in AKAKI KALITI, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew—Awi Agew Hamyra Alaba Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo…
List of ethnic groups in NEFAS SILK-AFTO, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in NEFAS SILK-AFTO, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew—Awi Agew Hamyra Alaba Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo…
List of ethnic groups in KOLFE KERANIYO, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in KOLFE KERANIYO, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew-Awi Agew Hamyra Alaba Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo…
List of ethnic groups in GULELE, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in GULELE, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew—Awi Agew Hamyra Alaba Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo Bench…
List of ethnic groups in LIDETA, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in LIDETA, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew—Awi Agew Hamyra Alaba Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo Bench…
List of ethnic groups in KIRKOS, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in KIRKOS, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew—Awi Agew Hamyra Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo Bench Berta…
List of ethnic groups in ARADA, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in ARADA, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew—Awi Agew Hamyra Alaba Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo Bench…
List of ethnic groups in ADDIS KETEMA, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in ADDIS KETEMA, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew—Awi Agew Hamyra Alaba Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo…
List of ethnic groups in YEKA, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in YEKA, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew—Awi Agew Hamyra Alaba Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo Bench…
List of ethnic groups in BOLE, Ethiopia The ethnic groups in BOLE, Ethiopia are: Affar Agew—Awi Agew Hamyra Alaba Amhara Anyiwak Argoba Ari Arborie Bacha Basketo Bench…
List of major ethnic groups, languages in Patigi Local Government Area The major ethnic groups and languages in Patigi Local Government Area are: Nupe, Yoruba, Hausa. Patigi is a Local Government Area…