List of Oruro Most Populated Municipalities

List of municipalities and autonomous indigenous territories in the Department of Oruro, ordered from most populated to least populated

  1. Oruro – 298,350
  2. Challapata – 35,427
  3. Caracollo – 22,850
  4. Huanuni – 20,118
  5. Salinas de Garci Mendoza (AIOC) – 15,934
  6. Paria – 15,764
  7. Sabaya – 15,504
  8. Corque – 16,101
  9. Santiago de Huari – 13,502
  10. Toledo – 12,202
  11. El Choro – 9,997
  12. Poopó – 9,189
  13. Curahuara de Carangas – 6,683
  14. Totora – 6,637
  15. Andamarca – 6,311
  16. Machacamarca – 6,120
  17. Santiago de Huayllamarca – 5,996
  18. Turco – 5,803
  19. Eucaliptus – 5,335
  20. Santuario de Quillacas – 5,161
  21. Escara – 4,231
  22. Pazña – 4,251
  23. Huachacalla – 4,011
  24. Esmeralda – 3,882
  25. Antequera – 3,666
  26. Belén de Andamarca – 3,061
  27. Pampa Aullagas – 3,197
  28. Choquecota – 2,504
  29. Uru Chipaya (Nación Originaria Uru Chipaya) – 2,355
  30. Cruz de Machacamarca – 1,517
  31. Coipasa – 1,406
  32. La Rivera – 1,262
  33. Todos Santos – 1,140
  34. Carangas – 1,129
  35. Yunguyo del Litoral – 875
  • Oruro municipality alone accounts for over half of the department’s total population.
  • More than half of the municipalities have fewer than 6,000 inhabitants, showing strong population concentration in the capital and widespread rural dispersion.

Oruro Municipalities Ranked by Population

The population ranking of municipalities in the Department of Oruro reveals an extremely centralized demographic structure, with the vast majority of residents living in the capital city and the rest spread across many small, rural municipalities.

Strong Dominance of the Capital

  • Oruro municipality, with 298,350 inhabitants, accounts for more than half (≈52%) of the department’s total population.
  • This level of concentration is higher than in many other departments, underscoring Oruro city’s role as the primary economic, administrative, and service hub.

Secondary Population Centers

  • Only a few municipalities exceed 15,000 inhabitants, including Challapata, Caracollo, Huanuni, Corque, Paria, Sabaya, and Salinas de Garci Mendoza (AIOC).
  • These municipalities function as local service centers, often linked to mining, agriculture, livestock, or regional trade routes.

Predominance of Small Municipalities

  • The majority of municipalities have fewer than 6,000 residents.
  • Many highland and altiplano municipalities—such as Choquecota, Pampa Aullagas, Huachacalla, Escara, Esmeralda, and Antequera—have very small and dispersed populations, reflecting harsh climatic conditions and limited economic diversification.

Very Small and Indigenous Territories

  • Several municipalities have populations below 1,500, including Yunguyo del Litoral, Carangas, Todos Santos, La Rivera, and Coipasa.
  • The Uru Chipaya Indigenous Nation, with 2,355 inhabitants, represents a distinct cultural and administrative entity, maintaining its identity despite its small population size.
List of Oruro Most Populated Municipalities
Oruro

Oruro’s population distribution is marked by extreme urban concentration and widespread rural sparsity. This pattern creates significant challenges for territorial equity, infrastructure provision, and public service delivery, while reinforcing the central importance of Oruro city in the department’s development.